The additive concentration effect on properties of the prepared membranes was studied. Ultrasonic method was used to help appropriate dispersion of particles in the membrane’s
matrix. Scanning optical microscopy showed that sonication has a significant influence on distribution of resin particles in the membrane matrix and makes it possible to form more uniform phase. Moreover, images showed a relatively uniform surface for membranes. The increase of activated carbon concentration in casting solution led to a decline in membrane water content. The ion exchange capacity, membrane potential, permselectivity, transport number, ion permeability, ionic flux, and current efficiency Rigosertib concentration of prepared membranes all were increased initially by the increase in additive Epigenetic Reader Do inhibitor concentration up to 1% wt and then they showed decrease trend with higher increase in additive concentration from 1 to 4% wt. Conversely, the electrical resistance and energy consumption showed opposite
trends. In addition, with more additive loading, the oxidative stability of membranes was slightly decreased and their thermal stability was increased. Membrane with 1% wt additive loading exhibited higher efficiency and electrochemical properties in comparison with other prepared membranes in this research. Furthermore, prepared membranes exhibited suitable electrochemical properties compared to a commercial heterogeneous anion exchange membrane with Rigosertib manufacturer the same experimental conditions. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polyrn Sci 118: 3371-3383,2010″
“The stable configurations and electronic properties of (0001)/(000 (1) over bar)-surfaces-derivated ZnS nanofilms (NFs) were investigated using first-principles calculations. The size-dependent stable configurations of these NFs are characterized by a graphiticlike structure-NF (G-NF), a film terminated by (0001)/(000 (1) over bar) surfaces, and a new phase composed of quadrilateral-octagon network-NF (QO-NF), respectively. Their formation energies with respect to bulk crystal are proportional to the inverse of film thickness,
except the G-NFs. The QO-NFs are more stable than the polar (0001)/(000 (1) over bar) NFs when the film thickness is smaller than 66 angstrom. The (0001)/(000 (1) over bar)-terminated NFs are metallic, while the others are direct-band-gap semiconductors. Surface reconstruction and possible stabilization mechanisms of the polar (0001)/(000 (1) over bar) surfaces were also discussed. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3487954]“
“To compare bipolar vessel sealing (BVS; BiClamp(A (R))) versus conventional suture ligation in vaginal hysterectomy.
A multicenter, single-blind randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted at eight women’s hospitals in Germany. One hundred and seventy-five patients with benign uterine disease underwent vaginal hysterectomy using BVS (n = 88) or conventional suture ligation (n = 87 controls).