The deconvolution of the band confirms the foregoing visual observation: the quantitative values of the parameters of the subbands 2D1 and 2D2 are closer to the several layer graphene than to graphite – the distance between the subbands is approximately 33 cm-1, which is closer to the 26 cm-1 value calculated for the six-layer graphene [7] than to the 44 cm-1 value for HOPG. FHPI Figure 2 Enlarged 2D band regions of micro-Raman spectra measured on samples. Type I (a) and type II (b). Open circles are the experimental data, while the

green and red curves indicate the fittings of the experimental data by Lorentzian functions. The fitting peaks and peak sum are shown by the green and red curves, Buparlisib cell line respectively. In the type II sample, the band has the maximum at 2,709 cm-1 with the gentler drop on the high-energy side. The enlarged 2D band region of the type II sample is shown on Figure  2b. A detailed visual examination of this band shows that its selleck chemicals llc shape and position are analogous to those observed for graphene films with number of layers 2 ≤ n ≤ 4 [10–12]. From Figure  2b, it is also seen that the experimental 2D band is well

fitted by two Lorentzian components. The characteristics of the deconvolution are similar to the characteristics of the 2D band deconvolution for micromechanically cleaved three- to four-layer graphene sheets on SiO2/Si substrate [12]. There is yet another indication that the type II sample film has fewer graphene layers as compared to the type I sample – despite the greater number of defects in the type II sample (confirmed by the presence of D band in its spectrum), the I 2D/I G ratio in the type II sample is still greater than in the type I sample. Since the type II sample Tenofovir in vivo had fewer graphene layers, it had been studied in greater detail

using XPS and ellipsometrical methods. The XPS survey spectrum (0 to 1,000 eV) of the type II sample shows that the main elements in the near-surface region are carbon, silicon, and oxygen. The narrow-scan (step 0.05 eV) XPS spectra of Si2p, O1s core levels (not presented here) indicate that silicon and oxygen are mainly in SiO x (x ≈ 2) oxide form. The C1s core level narrow-scan XPS peak is asymmetrical, and four components are required to achieve the accurate fit to the data (Figure  3). The largest contribution at 284.4 eV comes from the sp 2-hybridized carbon phase. Other weak contributions can be attributed to the following: 282.8 eV – sp 1 carbon atoms or Si-C bonds, 285.5 eV – sp 3 carbon atoms and/or C-O, C-OH bonds, and 287.8 eV – carbonyl groups [13–15]. Comparison of the intensities of C1s, Si2p, O1s peaks demonstrates that the overall (brutto) composition of near-surface region is close to ‘С1Si1O2’.