The coincidence between thermomass theory and phonon hydrodynamics is also analyzed through their microscopic basis. The convective term in the momentum equation of the thermomass theory comes Dorsomorphin from the nonlinear terms of the distribution function, which

is often neglected in previous phonon hydrodynamics derivations. The Chapman-Enskog expansion leads to the Laplacian term, which is similar to the derivation of Navier-Stokes equation in hydrodynamics and inspires the introduction of a Brinkman extension in the thermomass equation. This comparison reveals how the nonlinear effects could be described by generalized heat conduction laws. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3634113]“
“Background In this study, we hypothesized that higher level of comorbidity and greater body mass index (BMI) may mediate the association between diabetes and access to transplantation. Methods We used data from the United Selleckchem ERK inhibitor States Renal Data System (01/01/200024/09/2007; n = 619 151). We analyzed

two outcomes using Cox model: (i) time to being placed on the waiting list or transplantation without being listed and (ii) time to transplantation after being listed. Two primary Cox models were developed based on different levels of adjustment. Results In Cox models adjusted for a priori defined potential confounders, history of diabetes was associated with reduced transplant access (compared with non-diabetic population) both for wait-listing/transplant without being listed (hazard ratio, HR = 0.80, p < 0.001) and for transplant after being listed (HR = 0.72, p <

0.001). In Cox models adjusted for BMI and comorbidity index along with the potential confounders, history of diabetes was associated with shorter time to wait-listing or transplantation without being listed (HR = 1.07, p < 0.001), and there was no significant AG-881 chemical structure difference in time to transplantation after being listed (HR = 1.01, p = 0.42). Conclusion We demonstrated that higher level of comorbidity and greater BMI mediate the association between diabetes and reduced access to transplantation.”
“PURPOSE: To evaluate the accuracy of intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation after an intrastromal femtosecond laser procedure to treat presbyopia using a theoretic approach.

SETTING: International Vision Correction Research Centre, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.

DESIGN: Nonrandomized clinical trial.

METHODS: Preoperatively and 12 months after intrastromal femtosecond laser treatment (IntraCor) of presbyopia, biometry was performed by partial coherence interferometry (PCI) (IOLMaster). The postoperative keratometry (K) values and IOL power calculation formulas (Holladay I, Haigis, SRK/T, Hoffer 0) were compared with results derived from the clinical history method, taking the manifest refraction change into account.

RESULTS: The study enrolled 25 patients (median age 54 years).