Several tests were performed

in the study for numerical navigation of an oceangoing ship in coastal areas. The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of different models in the simulation of weather, as well as the effects of various factors on ship navigation. The conclusions are as follows: 1. Combining the numerical models WRF, SWAN, and POM, effective and high-resolution data of wind, waves, and currents can be generated. It is possible to achieve an optimum route by a numerical simulation if information on the wind, waves, and tidal currents can be forecast in advance. The next step of this research is to conduct a numerical ship simulation combined with the weather and ocean forecast in ocean areas. The authors are selleck grateful for the support of the RIOS model provided

by the Division of Global Architecture of Osaka University of Japan, by which the response of ship to wave was performed. “
“The authors regret that there is a small typological error of the empirical constant b1 in Eq. (19). The correct b1 value – which has been considered in numerical simulations – is equal to 0.00234 instead of 0.0045. The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused. “
“Current Opinion in Cell Biology 2014, 31:1–7 This Selleckchem Dabrafenib review comes from a themed issue on Cell cycle, differentiation and disease Edited by Stefano Piccolo and Eduard Batlle For a complete overview see the Issue and the Editorial Available online 10th July 2014 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceb.2014.06.006 0955-0674/© 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier (-)-p-Bromotetramisole Oxalate Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license

(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). Post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression ultimately determines the rate of protein translation and is therefore crucial for virtually all cellular processes. Post-transcriptional modifications add complexity to RNA-mediated functions by regulating how and when a primary RNA transcript is converted into mature RNA. There are around 150 known RNA modifications [1], yet our knowledge about their occurrence and function in RNA is still very limited. The existence of methylated bases in RNA including C5-methylcytidine (m5C) and N6-methyladenosine (m6A) has been described 50 years ago [2]. However, until only very recently, m5C for instance was thought to be mainly restricted to the stable and highly abundant transfer RNAs (tRNAs) and ribosome RNAs (rRNAs) [3]. The recent development of novel transcriptome-wide approaches to capture global m5C and m6A RNA methylomes has not only restored scientific interest in the field but also contributed to a better understanding how gene expression is regulated at different levels. In only a couple of years it became evident that post-transcriptional methylation of both cytosines and adenosines regulate fundamental cellular processes that are essential for normal development.