Our data suggested that γδ T cells play a pivotal role in the success of chemotherapy by shaping and modulating host immune response to cancer through producing IL-17. Poster No. 172 Systemic Candida Albicans Infection Promotes Inflammation-Dependent

Hepatic Metastasis via Mannoprotein-Dependent Endothelial Activation Joana Marquez 1 , Beatriz Arteta1, Aritz Lopategi1, Juan Rodriguez1, Andoni Ramirez2, Fernando Hernando2, Natalia Gallot3, Lorea Mendoza3, Fernando selleck compound Vidal-Vanaclocha1 1 Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Basque Country University School of Medicine, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain, 2 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Basque Country University School of Sciences and Technology, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain, 3 Pharmakine SL, Bizkaia Technology Park, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen and a major cause of morbidity in cancer patients whose immune system is compromised. Candida albicans infection involves host production of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-18 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, whose augmentations have already been correlated with metastatic occurrence of most common cancer types. However, whether the concurrent infection of this fungal pathogen during cancer cell dissemination affects metastasis occurrence is

unclear. In this study, a well-established murine model of TNFalpha/IL-18-dependent hepatic melanoma metastasis was used to study whether Candida albicans isolated from patients

with systemic candidiasis can alter selleck kinase inhibitor the ability of murine B16 melanoma (B16M) O-methylated flavonoid cells to colonize the liver. We demonstrated that Candida albicans increased the metastatic efficiency of B16M cells in the liver, irrespective of fungus injection route. Prometastatic effects were abrogated with antifungal ketoconazol treatment, and occurred when hepatic colonization of cancer cells took place 12 hours after Candida albicans injection. Pre-infection Autophagy signaling pathway inhibitor status also enabled a low-metastatic dose of B16M cells to metastasize in the liver at levels indistinguishable from normal mice receiving a highly-metastatic cancer cell dose. Candida albicans also accelerated the growth of established micrometastases, when mice received the fungus 4 days after cancer cell injection. Circulating candida albicans adhered to hepatic sinusoidal endothelium (HSE). They also induced TNFalpha production from HSE in vitro, which in turn enhanced endothelial cell adherence for cancer cells. Similar results were obtained when HSE cells were incubated with mannoprotein extracts from the same Candida albicans strains instead of live Candida albicans, suggesting that Candida albicans produced the remote activation of HSE via soluble mannoproteins.