MK-4827 ethylcarbazole the disaggregation. The digested tissue was washed with serum- substrate-chromagen , 1 mM Island, NY, USA). CaCl 2 , 15 mM HEPES, IU/ml penicillin, g/ml streptomycin, Immunostaining of 1 OHase was quantified in hyperplastic 5 g/ml insulin, 2 mM glutamine, 1% nonessential amino acids, parathyroid glands from 13 patients, as previously described . 5 g/ml holo-transferrin, 1% bovine serum albumin . Briefly, images of stained tissue sections were captured, At this stage, cells were either plated for experimentation, or frozen converted to gray scale, and analyzed using Image-Pro Plus soft- for later use.

For monolayers  ware  The intensity of cells were plated in 24-well plates at a  Vicriviroc concentration of approxi- staining was quantified using the optical density function of the mately , cells/well in the above medium containing 10% fetal software. The average integrated optical density was calcu- bovine serum to allow for cell attachment. After 24 h, the medium lated by dividing the sum IOD by the sum area. The IOD/area of a was replaced with serum-free culture medium. This serum-free tissue section immunostained using negative control rabbit serum medium is used routinely in our parathyroid cultures. It suppresses was subtracted from IOD/area for the 1OHase antibody sections. growth of fibroblasts, and is preferred for studies involving vita .

The corrected IOD/area for the chief and oxyphil cells calculated min D compounds, since purchase Danoprevir serum can contribute undesired amounts and results reported as % chief cell average. of vitamin D; in addition, serum free media is often used to avoid unwanted DBP which may bind vitamin D and its metabolites, and Real-time PCR interfere with the uptake of vitamin D and its metabolites into the cells. Monolayers were generally processed by day 4 in culture. For Total RNA was isolated using RNAzol Bee per manufacturer’s instructions. Reverse roid cells in suspension produced more consistent results, and were transcription of the RNA was carried out using oligo-dT primer preferable order dyphylline to cells cultured as monolayers. To culture cells in this and SMART MMLV reverse transcriptase .

Real-time PCR was C.S. Ritter et al. / Journal of Steroid Biochemistry & Molecular Biology 73–80 performed using Primers used are as follows: 1 OHase , PTH , 24OHase , PTH and the housekeeping/reference gene glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase . Each sample was run in triplicate, and in parallel, for amplification with primers for the target gene and GAPDH. Relative quantification of the change in expression of the gene wavelength transcripts in treated samples relative to that of transcripts in untreated samples was performed using 75 the using the 2 − Ct method . Briefly, for all samples, the GAPDH Ct value was subtracted from the target gene Ct value; this value represented the Ct.