In the lubrication effect, the H2O molecules can reduce the van der Waals forces by their larger polarizabilities resulting in the JQ1 research buy reorganization of MS chromophores and the long hydrocarbon chains without significantly affecting the ionic bonds. On the other hand, the cell structure will be drastically changed by H+ and OH− ions if they are see more incorporated in the film system, leading to degradation of the Cd2+ ion

lattices in case the hydration effect predominates in the HTT process. Figure 10 A schematic representation of the bilayer unit cell of an MS-C 20 binary LB film. We have already reported the results on XRD analyses of the MS-C20 binary LB systems before and after the HTT processes [18, 24]. The analyses revealed that the d-spacing of the as-deposited MS-C20 binary system is 5.52 nm, which corresponds to the well-known Cd-Cd spacing in the Y-type LB film of C20 (2 × 2.76 nm). By HTT, the positions of diffraction peaks remain almost unchanged, while the diffraction intensities remarkably increase

associated with a narrowing in width. For instance, the intensity of the peak of fifth order increases by a factor of two by HTT. A similar change, Linsitinib clinical trial i.e., the increase in peak intensity associated with the narrowing, is also observed when the dry-heat treatment (DHT, conventional annealing without water vapor) is applied

to the same LB system. However, the J-band is not reorganized but simply dissociated by heat treatment without water molecules (DHT). Therefore, we consider that the lubrication effect by the presence of water molecules predominates in the HTT process. In order to further investigate the surface structure of the dye-fatty acid Dichloromethane dehalogenase mixed system, topographic characterization by atomic force microscopy is also worth performing and these will be reported elsewhere. Conclusions We have characterized the mixed LB films based on merocyanine dye (MS) and arachidic acid (C20) focusing on the morphology studied by BF microscopy and FL microscopy. The results are summarized: (1) the as-deposited MS-C20 mixed LB film with molar mixing ratio MS/C20 = 1:2 emit intense red fluorescence uniformly over the whole film area by 540-nm excitation indicating that MS and C20 are phase-separated and the crystallite sizes of the J-aggregate are less than 10 μm, (2) by hydrothermal treatment (HTT), round-shaped domains, whose sizes are reaching 100 μm in diameter, emerge in the LB systems, (3) crystallites of J-aggregates tend to be in the round-shaped domains compared to the outside area in the film, (4) there are two different types of domains, i.e.