g., daily multivitamin). Data collection and sample processing, as well as subject meetings, all occurred Selleckchem AZD5582 in the Movement Science/Human Performance Lab on the MSU campus. Research Design and General Procedures Prior to beginning a 4-week Testing Phase, subjects participated in a 3-day Pilot Phase during the preceding week with all subjects moving through both phases

simultaneously. The 3-day Pilot Phase provided the opportunity to familiarize subjects with the requirements for data collection including the collection of bottled drinking water from the lab, the collection of 24-hour urine samples, the collection of early morning fingertip blood samples, the monitoring of free-living physical activity with a wrist-worn monitor, and the use of a diet diary. The goal of the Pilot Phase was to help ensure that subjects had enough training to effectively assist with their own data collection (e.g., 24-hour urine collection) during the Testing

Phase. Beginning the following Monday, the Testing Phase required four weeks of Nutlin-3a order continuous data collection (Table 1). All subjects were assigned to drink non-mineralized bottled water (i.e., the placebo water) for the first (pre-treatment period) and fourth weeks (post-treatment period) of the Testing Phase to establish pre VX-680 and post intervention baseline measures. For the second and third weeks of the Testing Phase (treatment period), however, the subject pool was split into two groups matched for SRPA and gender: The Control and Experimental groups. While the Control group continued to drink the same placebo water during the treatment period, the Experimental group drank the AK bottled water. STK38 Only the lead investigator was aware of which subjects were assigned to the Control and Experimental groups until the study’s completion (i.e. Blind, Placebo-Controlled design). Table 1 Four-week Testing Phase timeline for the consumption of bottled waters by Control and Experimental groups. Week Treatment Period Control Group Water Consumed Experimental Group Water Consumed 1 Pre-Treatment

Placebo Water Placebo Water 2 Treatment Placebo Water AK Water 3 Treatment Placebo Water AK Water 4 Post-Treatment Placebo Water Placebo Water Note: Placebo water was Aquafina while AK water was Akali®. The daily data collection schedule was identical for each week of the Testing Phase (Table 2). Each day of the work week (Monday – Friday), as well as one day of the following weekend, subjects arrived at the lab early in the morning (6:30-8:30 AM) to provide a fingertip blood sample, or drop off their 24-hour urine collection containers, or both. Subjects were given the option of collecting their third weekly 24-hour urine sample on either day of the weekend that best allowed for such collection.