(C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3457357]“
“P>Three days of fasting protects mice against lethal renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. We hypothesize that the protection imposed by fasting is mediated by increased levels of corticosterone, induced by the stress of food deprivation.

C57Bl/6 mice were fasted for 3 days after which serum corticosterone levels were determined. Mice underwent a bilateral adrenalectomy (ADX). Ten days later, they were either fasted or given a corticosterone receptor antagonist while fasting. Bilateral renal I/R injury was induced by clamping check details the artery and vein of the left and right kidney simultaneously for 37 min. Survival and kidney function were determined. Fasting significantly increased corticosterone levels. Only 8% of the ADX mice which were fasted prior to I/R injury survived, whereas all sham-ADX operated mice survived I/R injury after fasting. After ADX and fasting, 70% of the mice subjected to sham I/R succumbed to the surgical procedure. After fasting with concomitant blockade

of the glucocorticoid receptor this website all animals survived renal I/R. Three days of fasting protects against I/R injury and increases serum corticosterone levels. ADX renders mice incapable of withstanding subsequent abdominal surgery. Glucocorticoid receptor blockade does not interfere with the protective effects of fasting. Thus, the protection against renal I/R injury induced by preoperative fasting is mediated by corticosterone-independent mechanisms.”
“Purpose: To retrospectively assess the association between gadopentetate dimeglumine exposure at magnetic resonance imaging and the development of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF).

Materials and Methods:

This HIPAA-compliant study had institutional review board approval. Informed consent was waived. A search of medical and pathologic records was performed to identify patients with NSF that was diagnosed between January 1998 and December 2007. Patients with known exposure to gadolinium-based contrast agents other than gadopentetate dimeglumine were excluded. Medical records were then reviewed for gadopentetate dimeglumine exposure, renal status, concomitant diseases, timing of NSF symptom Vorinostat supplier onset, date of NSF diagnosis, and clinical outcome. Skin gadolinium deposition was assessed for those patients with adequate available tissue. Spearman rank correlations were estimated to assess the relationship between the dose of gadopentetate dimeglumine and the time to onset of NSF.

Results: Thirty-six patients (mean age, 62.6 years; range, 30-83 years) had been exposed to gadopentetate dimeglumine prior to NSF onset. All had stage 5 chronic kidney disease and all but one were undergoing dialysis at the time of exposure.