Camera position is obtained from GPS position using the UTM projection. Direction and up vector are obtained in two ways: (i) in the tractor equipment, these vectors are obtained from GPS heading and the camera placement angles in the tractor, selleck chemicals Abiraterone and (ii) in the exterior equipment these angles are provided Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries by the 3 DOF compass integrated into the Vuzix iWear VR 920. Readers can obtain more information Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries about three dimensional information management in the The Official Guide to Learning OpenGL [19].2.4. Two Dimensional ProjectionThe computer screen is a 2D visualization device. In order to display 3D information on it, the application needs to project this data over a 2D plane. OpenGL provides an API to perform this projection. The API uses three real camera parameters: horizontal Field Of View (FOV) angle, aspect ratio and znear plane distance (see Figure 3).
Board et al. explain in detail this projection process using OpenGL [19].Figure 3.Camera view fustum showing in red the camera definition parameters: horizontal FOV angle, znear plane distance and aspect ratio.2.5. Camera CalibrationThe camera definition parameters of the user camera Vuzix CamAR were specified Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries by the camera manufacturer in its user manual. They are horizontal FOV angle = 32��, znear plane distance = 0.1 m and aspect ratio = 1.33.The camera definition parameters of the Genius VideoCAM Slim USB2 tractor camera employed were not provided by the manufacturer. For this reason it was necessary to compute them experimentally. It was done following the next three steps: initially a real scene was built with basic objects whose size and placement were known.
Next, the same scene was modeled in 3D with the camera location and orientation known and the object sizes and placements also known. Finally, the parameters were man
An electronic nose is a biomimetic olfactory system Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries developed based on chemical sensor principles, electronic system design and data analysis techniques. In the biological olfactory system, there are about 350 different odorant receptors in humans and about 1,000 in mice. Different odors are recognized by different combinations of odorant receptors [1,2]. Learning from this mechanism, an array of different chemical sensors is used in the design of an electronic nose. An odor can be identified by classifying its response pattern generated by the sensor array in the electronic nose [3�C5].
The Drug_discovery state-of-the-art techniques for sensor array data analysis kinase inhibitor Paclitaxel and the applicability of each technique have been discussed by Jurs [6]. One type of data analysis methods is classification, which aims to group an object into one of the predefined class. K-Nearest Neighbor classifier (KNN) is one of the widely applied classification method that classifies an item according to the majority voting of the K nearest items.