Special Populations Within CAPTURE In addition to validating findings from the FOCUS trials, CAPTURE also examined outcomes in previously unexamined special populations. In FOCUS, critically PLX3397 concentration ill Selleck OICR-9429 patients in intensive care units were excluded [24]. However, critically ill patients were eligible for enrollment

in CAPTURE. In the first CAPTURE evaluation of patients with CAP, 99 (36%) patients were admitted to the ICU and their cure rate was 67%. These data suggest that there may be a role for ceftaroline in treatment of CAP among patients admitted to the ICU. The CAPTURE registry also provided a unique opportunity to examine ceftaroline use with and without vancomycin for patients with CAP [24]. For this analysis, data were available on 175 patients with CAP. Among these patients, 77% (n = 134) received ceftaroline monotherapy and 23% (n = 41) received ceftaroline plus vancomycin. Baseline demographics were similar to previous CAPTURE evaluations. Patients receiving ceftaroline monotherapy and combination therapy had a similar

average (median) LOT (6.4 [6] vs 6.8 (6) days, respectively, p-value not reported). The mean total hospital length of Target Selective Inhibitor Library price stay was longer in the combination group (20.9 vs. 14.6 days, p-value not reported). Numerically similar proportions of patients receiving monotherapy and combination therapy were discharged to home (55% vs. 41%, p-value not reported) or another care facility (40% vs. 44%, p-value not reported). Four patients expired in the study period, all of which were in Fossariinae the combination group. Although these data may suggest that the addition of vancomycin to ceftaroline for CAP does not improve outcomes, it is important to note that more patients in the combination therapy group were admitted to the ICU. Conversely, ceftaroline monotherapy was more common in the general practice units

(66%). This potential selection bias may have skewed the results in favor of ceftaroline monotherapy but more data are needed in each patient care setting (ICU vs. non-ICU) before definitive conclusions can be made. Within the FOCUS trials, patients with severe renal dysfunction (CrCL <30 mL/min) were excluded [3, 4]. The CAPTURE registry has provided an opportunity to study a small cohort (26 patients) with renal insufficiency (baseline serum creatinine >1.8 mg/dL) [7]. The majority of patients were male (n = 15, 58%), the mean (SD) age was 67.9 years, and average BMI was 28.2 kg/m2 [2]. The most prevalent comorbidities among patients with renal impairment and CAP were GERD (n = 8, 31%), history of smoking (n = 7, 27%), and CHF (n = 6, 23%). Most patients (n = 19, 73%) were treated in general practice units. Prior antibiotics were again common; the most frequent antibiotics received prior to ceftaroline were glycopeptides (31%), macrolides (31%), and quinolones (27%). Concurrent antibiotics were also commonplace (65%). The outcomes among patients with renal insufficiency were generally consistent with the overall cohort.