A diagnosis of MIH was attributed to a child if they had a demarcated defect in one or more of their first permanent molars. Results.  Of 4795 children that were selected, 3233 (67.4%) were examined. Overall prevalence of MIH was 15.9% (14.5–17.1%). There was an association between prevalence of MIH and deprivation quintiles with a positive correlation in the first 4 quintiles (P < 0.05). There was no difference Akt assay in prevalence between fluoridated Newcastle and other areas. Conclusion.  Prevalence of MIH is equivalent to other European populations. Prevalence was related to socioeconomic

status but not to background water fluoridation. “
“International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry 2010; 20: 270–275 Objective.  To evaluate the prevalence of developmental disturbances in permanent teeth in which buds were exposed to intraligamental injection (ILI) delivered by a computer controlled local anaesthetic delivery (C-CLAD). Methods.  The study

population consisted of 78 children (age 4.1–12.8 years) who received ILI–C-CLAD to 166 primary molars. A structured form was designed to include information BIBW2992 regarding age at treatment, gender, type of treated tooth, tooth location, type of dental treatment, and type of developmental disturbance(s) present in the associated permanent tooth. Teeth, which received regular anaesthesia or were not anaesthetized by local anaesthesia, served as controls. Results.  Five children had developmental defects. In C-CLAD–ILI exposed teeth, one child had two hypomaturation defects. The corresponding primary teeth were extracted. No defects were found on the control side. In two children, hypoplastic defects were found only in the control teeth (one in each child). Protein kinase N1 One suffered from a dentoalveolar abscess in the corresponding primary tooth. Diffuse hypomaturation defects were found in two children on both the C-CLAD-ILI exposed and control sides. Conclusion.  In the primary dentition, C-CLAD–ILI does not increase the danger of developmental disturbances to the underlying permanent dental bud. “
“The number of HIV-infected people has increased

almost continuously. Paediatric dentists should be concerned about the oral findings in HIV-infected children and their aetiologic factors, to promote adequate treatment. To present the oral health aspects of Brazilian HIV-infected children and to verify the aetiological factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted with HIV-infected children. During the medical appointments, children were submitted to visual-tactile exams of oral soft tissues and teeth. All parents answered questions in a structured interview. Data were analysed using the SPSS, release 10.0 (Chicago, IL, USA). Of the 57 children examined, 39 (69.6%) presented one or more oral soft tissue manifestations. More than a half suffered from gingivitis and only 12.5% had no visible dental biofilm.